The county economy from official statistics, with source and year on every table.
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By AtiveSite · Published 07/11/2026 · Updated 07/11/2026 · Every figure is linked to its source below.
Madison County is a county of Idaho with 54,618 residents. Its economy produced $2,007 million in 2024 (ranked #13 of 44 counties) and had 17,397 jobs with an average annual pay of $42,345 (#41 for pay). The unemployment rate was 4.2% in 2026M09. It is part of the Rexburg, ID micropolitan area (central county).
Madison County produced about $2,007 million of goods and services in 2024, which is 1.6% of the combined output of the 44 counties of Idaho that BEA reports (about 2.8% of the state's population lives here), and ranks it 13th of 44 on that measure. Per resident that is $36,755, 45% below the state average; the average for all counties of the state taken together is $66,702. In current dollars output grew 2.7% from 2023 to 2024, before adjusting for inflation. The gap between its output rank (13th) and its output-per-resident rank (42nd) shows that population is large relative to the value of what is produced here.
BLS counts 17,397 jobs located in Madison County on average in 2024, spread over 1,707 employer sites (about 10 jobs per site). That is 0.32 jobs for every resident, below the 0.35 of the typical county in Idaho, which tells you whether the county is a place people mostly commute to for work or a place they commute from. The average annual pay per job was $42,345, 28% below the average of all counties in the state ($42,345 against $58,412). Average pay is total wages divided by jobs, so it is pulled up by high earners and counts part-time jobs as whole jobs; it is not the pay of a typical worker. The number of jobs rose 1.1% from 2023 to 2024.
The three largest private industries are educational services (15.7% of private jobs, $63,596 a year on average), retail trade (14.6% of private jobs, $35,065 a year on average), accommodation and food services (12.7% of private jobs, $15,317 a year on average). Together they hold 43.0% of private-sector jobs. Among industries with at least 3% of jobs, the best paying is educational services at $63,596 a year, followed by professional and technical services ($58,749). The county is specialised in several industries: educational services (6.1 times the US share, 2,182 jobs); real estate and rental (1.9 times the US share, 506 jobs). A location quotient above 1 means an industry employs a larger share of workers here than in the whole country, so these are the industries where local employers compete hardest for skills. Several of the biggest employers pay well below the county average: accommodation and food services ($15,317). Jobs there are plentiful but the pay is lower than the headline average suggests.
In 2026M09 the unemployment rate in Madison County was 4.2%, 29% above the average of the state's counties (4.2% against 3.3%). The labour force (people working or looking for work) numbered 27,267. Over the last 12 months it ranged from 3.0% (2025M12) to 5.5% (2026M08); the latest month is preliminary and BLS revises it. These county rates are not seasonally adjusted, so compare the same month across years.
The median household income was $60,160 (ACS 2020–2024), 23% below the state median ($60,160 against $77,800). The guide covers 1 city with this as the main county: Rexburg. Open any of them for rent, home values, commuting and climate.
Counties close to Madison County in output are Bingham County, Latah County, Jerome County, Elmore County. Compare their jobs, pay and unemployment on their own pages.
| Measure ⇅ | Value ⇅ | Rank among the 44 counties of Idaho ⇅ |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 54,618 | 7 of 44 |
| GDP 2024 | $2,007 million | 13 of 44 |
| GDP per resident | $36,755 | 42 of 44 |
| Jobs (QCEW 2024) | 17,397 | 8 of 44 |
| Average annual pay | $42,345 | 41 of 44 |
| Job change vs 2023 | +1.1% | 24 of 44 |
| Unemployment rate (lower is better) | 4.2% | 38 of 44 |
| Median household income | $60,160 | 35 of 44 |
Federal jobs in Idaho (247) →All cities of IdahoState guide: Idaho
These links go to official sources and open in a new window. The first one is the government's or company's own site as listed in Wikidata (property "official website"); check it before relying on it.
Cities of this guide whose main county is Madison County.
| City ⇅ | Population ⇅ | Median household income ⇅ | Median rent ⇅ | Median home value ⇅ | Bachelor's+ ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rexburg | 40,543 | $50,617 | $1,004 | $395,100 | 42.0% |
| Industry ⇅ | Jobs ⇅ | Share of private jobs ⇅ | Average annual pay ⇅ | Concentration vs US (location quotient) ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Educational services | 2,182 | 15.7% | $63,596 | 6.07 |
| Retail trade | 2,036 | 14.6% | $35,065 | 1.17 |
| Accommodation and food services | 1,762 | 12.7% | $15,317 | 1.11 |
| Health care and social assistance | 1,714 | 12.3% | $34,055 | 0.69 |
| Administrative and waste services | 1,363 | 9.8% | $34,958 | 1.33 |
| Manufacturing | 967 | 7.0% | $46,307 | 0.68 |
| Professional and technical services | 833 | 6.0% | $58,749 | 0.69 |
| Construction | 759 | 5.5% | $48,459 | 0.83 |
| Wholesale trade | 617 | 4.4% | $54,705 | 0.90 |
| Real estate and rental | 506 | 3.6% | $35,771 | 1.87 |
| Other services (except public administration) | 421 | 3.0% | $27,992 | 0.80 |
| Finance and insurance | 353 | 2.5% | $55,560 | 0.50 |
| Arts, entertainment, recreation | 221 | 1.6% | $11,401 | 0.76 |
| Information | 151 | 1.1% | $64,832 | 0.46 |
| Management of companies | 28 | 0.2% | $41,652 | 0.10 |
A location quotient above 1 means the industry is more concentrated here than in the US. BLS withholds sectors with too few employers.
| Measure ⇅ | Value ⇅ |
|---|---|
| Labour force | 27,267 |
| Employed residents | 26,124 |
| Unemployed residents | 1,143 |
| Unemployment rate | 4.2% |
| Jobs located in the county (QCEW) | 17,397 |
| Employer sites | 1,707 |
Residents employed and jobs located here differ: many residents commute to other counties.
| County ⇅ | Population ⇅ | GDP 2024 ⇅ | GDP per resident ⇅ | Jobs ⇅ | Average annual pay ⇅ | Unemployment ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ada County | 518,935 | $45,455 million | $87,592 | 288,010 | $70,588 | 3.1% |
| Canyon County | 250,790 | $11,738 million | $46,803 | 88,684 | $51,903 | 3.2% |
| Kootenai County | 181,996 | $11,539 million | $63,402 | 71,068 | $55,888 | 3.7% |
| Bonneville County | 129,523 | $9,062 million | $69,967 | 61,259 | $49,303 | 3.0% |
| Twin Falls County | 93,734 | $5,946 million | $63,433 | 41,812 | $48,171 | 3.2% |
| Bannock County | 89,454 | $4,410 million | $49,302 | 37,594 | $47,720 | 3.8% |
| Madison County | 54,618 | $2,007 million | $36,755 | 17,397 | $42,345 | 4.2% |
| Bonner County | 51,049 | $2,546 million | $49,870 | 15,970 | $51,761 | 4.2% |
| Bingham County | 49,664 | $2,218 million | $44,654 | 16,096 | $47,602 | 3.4% |
| Nez Perce County | 42,697 | $3,075 million | $72,028 | 21,969 | $54,589 | 3.1% |
| Latah County | 41,049 | $2,072 million | $50,488 | 14,731 | $49,203 | 2.9% |
| Jefferson County | 33,154 | $1,366 million | $41,195 | 9,658 | $46,365 | 2.7% |
| Elmore County | 29,321 | $1,908 million | $65,059 | 7,531 | $47,221 | 3.7% |
| Payette County | 26,771 | $1,289 million | $48,134 | 7,122 | $49,412 | 3.9% |
| Cassia County | 25,483 | $2,637 million | $103,491 | 12,443 | $49,757 | 2.9% |
| Jerome County | 25,173 | $2,004 million | $79,605 | 12,175 | $51,608 | 2.8% |
| Blaine County | 24,951 | $2,519 million | $100,969 | 14,374 | $60,713 | 2.6% |
| Minidoka County | 22,208 | $1,255 million | $56,513 | 9,290 | $50,905 | 3.0% |
| Gem County | 20,614 | $696 million | $33,766 | 4,520 | $44,976 | 3.1% |
| Idaho County | 17,432 | $680 million | $39,020 | 4,590 | $46,963 | 3.3% |
| Gooding County | 15,931 | $1,765 million | $110,766 | 6,743 | $48,813 | 2.9% |
| Franklin County | 15,056 | $635 million | $42,184 | 4,087 | $44,391 | 2.8% |
| Fremont County | 13,943 | $550 million | $39,430 | 3,748 | $45,563 | 2.7% |
| Shoshone County | 13,785 | $955 million | $69,273 | 4,834 | $53,791 | 4.1% |
| Boundary County | 13,172 | $659 million | $50,008 | 4,045 | $51,133 | 4.0% |
| Owyhee County | 12,503 | $677 million | $54,181 | 3,544 | $47,269 | 2.9% |
| Teton County | 12,425 | $653 million | $52,565 | 4,762 | $53,408 | 2.0% |
| Valley County | 12,389 | $849 million | $68,567 | 5,516 | $52,271 | 3.4% |
| Washington County | 11,142 | $664 million | $59,637 | 2,941 | $42,467 | 4.3% |
| Benewah County | 10,142 | $558 million | $54,981 | 3,392 | $56,185 | 4.3% |
| Clearwater County | 9,012 | $474 million | $52,613 | 2,721 | $50,553 | 5.4% |
| Boise County | 8,273 | $283 million | $34,214 | 1,782 | $40,427 | 3.3% |
| Lemhi County | 8,249 | $546 million | $66,198 | 2,720 | $49,342 | 3.3% |
| Power County | 8,133 | $561 million | $68,937 | 4,005 | $55,894 | 2.4% |
| Caribou County | 7,162 | $1,143 million | $159,647 | 3,566 | $67,400 | 3.2% |
| Bear Lake County | 6,650 | $296 million | $44,468 | 1,998 | $40,230 | 2.7% |
| Lincoln County | 5,358 | $397 million | $74,102 | 1,725 | $49,246 | 3.0% |
| Oneida County | 4,768 | $201 million | $42,158 | 1,707 | $38,378 | 2.9% |
| Adams County | 4,744 | $205 million | $43,136 | 1,025 | $56,947 | 4.6% |
| Custer County | 4,470 | $257 million | $57,570 | 1,539 | $45,656 | 3.5% |
| Lewis County | 3,682 | $223 million | $60,594 | 1,567 | $43,504 | 3.8% |
| Butte County | 2,684 | $1,870 million | $696,648 | 10,216 | $115,323 | 3.2% |
| Camas County | 1,124 | $118 million | $104,797 | 360 | $60,307 | 4.4% |
| Clark County | 849 | $57 million | $67,250 | 301 | $61,984 | 3.3% |
54,618 (Census Bureau ACS 2020–2024).
$2,007 million in 2024 (BEA, current dollars).
4.2% in 2026M09 (BLS, not seasonally adjusted; the latest month may be revised).
17,397 jobs on average in 2024 with an average annual pay of $42,345 (BLS QCEW).