Everything we can verify about jobs, pay and living in Montana, from official statistics, with source and date on every table.
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By AtiveSite · Published 07/11/2026 · Updated 07/11/2026 · Every figure is linked to its source below.
Montana is in the West region (Mountain division), with 1,137,233 residents, a median age of 41.3 and a median household income of $75,340. The unemployment rate was 3.1% in 2026M09, and the state's price level is 94.6 against 100 for the US as a whole.
| Indicator ⇅ | Value ⇅ | Rank among 50 states + DC ⇅ | Direction ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $75,340 | 36 of 51 | higher is better |
| Unemployment rate | 3.1% | 8 of 51 | lower is better |
| Job openings rate | 4.0% | 26 of 51 | higher is better |
| Price level (RPP) | 94.6 | 22 of 51 | lower is better |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 36.3% | 22 of 51 | higher is better |
| Foreign-born share | 2.1% | 50 of 51 | higher is better |
See the 253 federal jobs open now →Country guide: United States250 largest cities
Neighbouring states in the Mountain division: Arizona · Colorado · Idaho · Nevada · New Mexico · Utah · Wyoming.
| Industry ⇅ | GDP ($ million, annual rate) ⇅ | Share of state GDP ⇅ |
|---|---|---|
| Real estate and rental and leasing | 12,073 | 14.4% |
| Government and government enterprises | 10,096 | 12.1% |
| Health care and social assistance | 8,156 | 9.7% |
| Retail trade | 5,948 | 7.1% |
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | 5,514 | 6.6% |
| Construction | 5,264 | 6.3% |
| Finance and insurance | 5,196 | 6.2% |
| Wholesale trade | 4,778 | 5.7% |
| Manufacturing | 4,147 | 5.0% |
| Accommodation and food services | 3,895 | 4.7% |
| Transportation and warehousing | 3,187 | 3.8% |
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting | 2,926 | 3.5% |
| Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 2,685 | 3.2% |
| Information | 2,433 | 2.9% |
| Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services | 2,162 | 2.6% |
| Other services (except government and government enterprises) | 1,864 | 2.2% |
| Utilities | 1,572 | 1.9% |
| Arts, entertainment, and recreation | 1,046 | 1.2% |
| Educational services | 447 | 0.5% |
| Management of companies and enterprises | 355 | 0.4% |
| Sector ⇅ | Jobs (payroll) ⇅ | Change in 12 months ⇅ | Month ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mining and logging | 5,700 | -1.7% | 2026M09 |
| Construction | 38,700 | +0.5% | 2026M09 |
| Manufacturing | 20,600 | -1.4% | 2026M09 |
| Trade, transportation and utilities | 101,800 | +0.5% | 2026M09 |
| Information | 5,400 | -5.3% | 2026M09 |
| Financial activities | 26,300 | -4.0% | 2026M09 |
| Professional and business services | 54,600 | +0.2% | 2026M09 |
| Education and health services | 88,800 | +2.8% | 2026M09 |
| Leisure and hospitality | 72,300 | -5.0% | 2026M09 |
| Other services | 19,500 | +0.0% | 2026M09 |
| Government | 91,900 | -1.2% | 2026M09 |
BEA values are seasonally adjusted annual rates averaged over the latest four quarters. BLS payroll counts are not seasonally adjusted. The state total of jobs is 525,600 (latest month).
| Occupation field ⇅ | Jobs ⇅ | Per 1,000 jobs ⇅ | Location quotient ⇅ | Median pay ⇅ | Entry (10th pct.) ⇅ | Top (90th pct.) ⇅ | Median vs US ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Office and Administrative Support | 59,680 | 116.6 | 1.02 | $45,870 | $34,490 | $64,490 | -3% |
| Food Preparation and Serving Related | 53,110 | 103.8 | 1.18 | $30,580 | $22,400 | $46,590 | -13% |
| Transportation and Material Moving | 39,220 | 76.7 | 0.87 | $45,780 | $30,880 | $72,790 | +3% |
| Sales and Related | 45,970 | 89.9 | 1.04 | $38,380 | $28,330 | $76,310 | -0% |
| Management | 32,220 | 63.0 | 0.88 | $101,400 | $54,990 | $194,960 | -20% |
| Business and Financial Operations | 29,880 | 58.4 | 0.86 | $74,110 | $47,480 | $122,480 | -10% |
| Healthcare Practitioners and Technical | 32,120 | 62.8 | 0.99 | $82,160 | $46,040 | $161,780 | -5% |
| Educational Instruction and Library | 28,710 | 56.1 | 0.96 | $48,490 | $29,120 | $84,640 | -20% |
| Production | 17,650 | 34.5 | 0.63 | $48,210 | $34,430 | $82,400 | +3% |
| Healthcare Support | 21,520 | 42.1 | 0.83 | $39,260 | $30,580 | $49,800 | +2% |
| Construction and Extraction | 31,890 | 62.3 | 1.51 | $60,960 | $42,610 | $86,690 | +2% |
| Installation, Maintenance, and Repair | 23,800 | 46.5 | 1.19 | $59,070 | $37,740 | $94,580 | -1% |
| Computer and Mathematical | 9,460 | 18.5 | 0.55 | $80,240 | $51,230 | $154,580 | -27% |
| Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance | 20,620 | 40.3 | 1.38 | $38,220 | $28,660 | $56,200 | +1% |
| Protective Service | 9,500 | 18.6 | 0.76 | $57,570 | $35,580 | $87,350 | +15% |
| Personal Care and Service | 14,150 | 27.6 | 1.32 | $34,460 | $22,470 | $58,240 | -5% |
| Community and Social Service | 10,670 | 20.9 | 1.22 | $50,220 | $35,210 | $79,260 | -14% |
| Architecture and Engineering | 8,190 | 16.0 | 0.95 | $81,330 | $52,190 | $131,340 | -18% |
| Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media | 7,960 | 15.6 | 1.18 | $51,260 | $29,100 | $91,560 | -18% |
| Life, Physical, and Social Science | 8,860 | 17.3 | 1.83 | $70,810 | $47,430 | $107,880 | -14% |
| Legal | 4,180 | 8.2 | 0.97 | $83,620 | $48,360 | $157,310 | -18% |
| Farming, Fishing, and Forestry | 2,210 | 4.3 | 1.55 | $43,740 | $30,510 | $64,990 | +19% |
| Industry ⇅ | Share of employed residents ⇅ |
|---|---|
| Education and health care | 22.8% |
| Retail trade | 11.8% |
| Arts, entertainment, accommodation, food | 11.2% |
| Professional, scientific, management, administrative | 9.9% |
| Construction | 9.2% |
| Public administration | 6.5% |
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining | 5.7% |
| Finance, insurance, real estate | 5.2% |
| Transportation, warehousing, utilities | 5.0% |
| Other services | 4.8% |
| Manufacturing | 4.5% |
| Wholesale trade | 1.9% |
| Information | 1.5% |
| Occupation ⇅ | Jobs ⇅ | Location quotient ⇅ | Median pay (year) ⇅ | Entry (10th pct.) ⇅ | Top (90th pct.) ⇅ | Median vs US ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fast Food and Counter Workers | 14,960 | 1.18 | $29,090 | $22,760 | $36,780 | -7% |
| Retail Salespersons | 13,490 | 1.05 | $36,270 | $28,620 | $48,680 | +2% |
| Cashiers | 12,170 | 1.20 | $34,190 | $23,900 | $41,590 | +4% |
| General and Operations Managers | 11,840 | 1.03 | $91,380 | $48,890 | $187,260 | -14% |
| Registered Nurses | 10,950 | 0.99 | $85,280 | $70,120 | $113,920 | -13% |
| Home Health and Personal Care Aides | 10,400 | 0.73 | $36,630 | $29,370 | $44,740 | +2% |
| Office Clerks, General | 10,390 | 1.28 | $46,480 | $32,200 | $65,090 | +3% |
| Stockers and Order Fillers | 8,900 | 0.95 | $39,050 | $31,110 | $48,060 | +5% |
| Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners | 8,320 | 1.14 | $37,110 | $28,620 | $48,450 | +1% |
| Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers | 7,830 | 1.15 | $58,870 | $46,040 | $74,120 | +0% |
| Cooks, Restaurant | 7,580 | 1.63 | $38,060 | $29,380 | $47,670 | +2% |
| Waiters and Waitresses | 7,200 | 0.96 | $23,370 | $21,940 | $45,420 | -34% |
| Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks | 6,980 | 1.54 | $47,270 | $34,270 | $63,980 | -7% |
| First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers | 5,830 | 1.58 | $49,300 | $35,360 | $77,320 | +2% |
| Maintenance and Repair Workers, General | 5,420 | 1.08 | $46,870 | $34,790 | $72,300 | -5% |
| Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners | 5,380 | 1.90 | $35,740 | $28,080 | $49,210 | +1% |
| Bartenders | 5,370 | 2.16 | $26,010 | $21,940 | $32,870 | -24% |
| Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education | 4,960 | 1.09 | $57,530 | $38,160 | $78,450 | -10% |
| Customer Service Representatives | 4,910 | 0.57 | $45,290 | $35,100 | $62,250 | +1% |
| Business Operations Specialists, All Other | 4,760 | 1.33 | $74,990 | $49,870 | $109,300 | -10% |
| Accountants and Auditors | 4,730 | 0.99 | $75,810 | $49,250 | $125,290 | -9% |
| First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers | 4,650 | 1.15 | $44,010 | $30,780 | $64,320 | -0% |
| Construction Laborers | 4,590 | 1.27 | $49,830 | $37,720 | $63,980 | +6% |
| Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive | 4,520 | 0.80 | $43,940 | $30,430 | $55,970 | -8% |
| Medical Secretaries and Administrative Assistants | 4,410 | 1.39 | $43,740 | $35,990 | $51,690 | -5% |
| Occupation ⇅ | Jobs ⇅ | Location quotient ⇅ | Median pay (year) ⇅ | Entry (10th pct.) ⇅ | Top (90th pct.) ⇅ | Median vs US ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacists | 1,190 | 1.12 | $142,080 | $98,660 | $165,260 | +1% |
| Nurse Practitioners | 1,260 | 1.18 | $137,210 | $105,110 | $166,940 | +4% |
| Computer and Information Systems Managers | 1,180 | 0.53 | $132,860 | $92,820 | $215,800 | -24% |
| Financial Managers | 1,510 | 0.55 | $131,060 | $81,430 | $234,370 | -21% |
| Software Developers | 2,160 | 0.39 | $121,990 | $73,370 | $221,400 | -10% |
| Sales Managers | 1,200 | 0.57 | $117,390 | $81,030 | $205,760 | -21% |
| Managers, All Other | 1,600 | 0.78 | $110,470 | $63,080 | $174,190 | -22% |
| Medical and Health Services Managers | 1,870 | 0.95 | $105,840 | $65,300 | $193,410 | -15% |
| Construction Managers | 2,140 | 1.71 | $104,480 | $71,930 | $173,630 | -9% |
| Lawyers | 2,380 | 0.96 | $103,720 | $62,090 | $179,620 | -35% |
| Management Analysts | 1,590 | 0.54 | $97,470 | $37,300 | $145,660 | -4% |
| Civil Engineers | 1,870 | 1.55 | $93,070 | $62,230 | $129,020 | -8% |
| Physical Therapists | 1,180 | 1.35 | $91,450 | $78,490 | $115,540 | -11% |
| General and Operations Managers | 11,840 | 1.03 | $91,380 | $48,890 | $187,260 | -14% |
| Project Management Specialists | 2,940 | 0.84 | $87,890 | $58,680 | $143,170 | -14% |
| Registered Nurses | 10,950 | 0.99 | $85,280 | $70,120 | $113,920 | -13% |
| First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers | 2,690 | 1.32 | $81,440 | $51,880 | $125,310 | +2% |
| Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters | 1,860 | 1.22 | $79,960 | $48,250 | $100,860 | +25% |
| Cost Estimators | 1,230 | 1.67 | $77,320 | $50,120 | $106,740 | -2% |
| First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers | 4,350 | 1.63 | $76,910 | $56,960 | $103,140 | -4% |
| Electricians | 2,750 | 1.10 | $76,760 | $49,130 | $89,510 | +21% |
| Accountants and Auditors | 4,730 | 0.99 | $75,810 | $49,250 | $125,290 | -9% |
| Business Operations Specialists, All Other | 4,760 | 1.33 | $74,990 | $49,870 | $109,300 | -10% |
| Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines | 1,330 | 2.30 | $72,560 | $57,550 | $91,120 | +11% |
| Loan Officers | 1,180 | 1.31 | $71,570 | $48,130 | $123,130 | -7% |
| Occupation ⇅ | Jobs ⇅ | Location quotient ⇅ | Median pay (year) ⇅ | Entry (10th pct.) ⇅ | Top (90th pct.) ⇅ | Median vs US ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gambling and Sports Book Writers and Runners | 1,050 | 35.57 | $22,030 | $21,940 | $23,620 | -37% |
| Forest and Conservation Technicians | 1,760 | 17.64 | $52,420 | $41,660 | $80,540 | -4% |
| Information and Record Clerks, All Other | 1,380 | 3.11 | $47,840 | $38,670 | $60,470 | -3% |
| Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks | 2,660 | 3.09 | $35,330 | $29,470 | $43,320 | +1% |
| Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators | 3,750 | 2.38 | $61,580 | $48,130 | $79,880 | +3% |
| Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines | 1,330 | 2.30 | $72,560 | $57,550 | $91,120 | +11% |
| Court, Municipal, and License Clerks | 1,340 | 2.26 | $45,680 | $37,030 | $60,090 | -6% |
| Highway Maintenance Workers | 1,140 | 2.24 | $60,960 | $50,650 | $65,610 | +21% |
| Bartenders | 5,370 | 2.16 | $26,010 | $21,940 | $32,870 | -24% |
| Parts Salespersons | 1,860 | 2.09 | $45,060 | $29,210 | $58,960 | +17% |
| Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners | 5,380 | 1.90 | $35,740 | $28,080 | $49,210 | +1% |
| Public Relations Specialists | 1,760 | 1.89 | $63,780 | $43,770 | $96,050 | -15% |
| Carpenters | 4,030 | 1.83 | $58,820 | $43,010 | $77,140 | -3% |
| Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other | 1,010 | 1.74 | $48,360 | $37,660 | $76,630 | -2% |
| Construction Managers | 2,140 | 1.71 | $104,480 | $71,930 | $173,630 | -9% |
| Cost Estimators | 1,230 | 1.67 | $77,320 | $50,120 | $106,740 | -2% |
| Cooks, Restaurant | 7,580 | 1.63 | $38,060 | $29,380 | $47,670 | +2% |
| First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers | 4,350 | 1.63 | $76,910 | $56,960 | $103,140 | -4% |
| Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria | 2,290 | 1.58 | $37,150 | $30,500 | $50,600 | -1% |
| First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers | 5,830 | 1.58 | $49,300 | $35,360 | $77,320 | +2% |
| Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers | 1,030 | 1.58 | $36,250 | $30,160 | $44,980 | +4% |
| Driver/Sales Workers | 2,100 | 1.56 | $27,580 | $22,060 | $58,690 | -29% |
| Civil Engineers | 1,870 | 1.55 | $93,070 | $62,230 | $129,020 | -8% |
| Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks | 6,980 | 1.54 | $47,270 | $34,270 | $63,980 | -7% |
| Tellers | 1,660 | 1.53 | $38,080 | $35,830 | $45,040 | -12% |
Occupations with a page of their own link to it. Pay above $239,200 a year is shown as "≥ $239,200" (BLS top-code). "n/a" means BLS suppressed the figure.
There are 253 federal job postings open now in Montana (USAJOBS). This is the federal government only: most US jobs are in the private sector and are advertised on employers' own sites, so use the pay and demand tables on this page for the whole labour market.
| Agency ⇅ | Open postings ⇅ |
|---|---|
| Indian Health Service | 39 |
| Federal Aviation Administration | 37 |
| Forest Service | 29 |
| Veterans Health Administration | 22 |
| Department of the Air Force Headquarters | 13 |
| Western Area Power Administration | 11 |
| Transportation Security Administration | 9 |
| Bureau of Land Management | 9 |
| Bureau of Reclamation | 8 |
| Air Force Global Strike Command | 6 |
| Internal Revenue Service | 5 |
| Executive Office for U.S. Attorneys and the Office of the U.S. Attorneys | 5 |
| Defense Commissary Agency | 4 |
| Customs and Border Protection | 4 |
| Immigration and Customs Enforcement | 4 |
| Series ⇅ | Open postings ⇅ |
|---|---|
| Wildland Fire Management | 15 |
| Aviation Safety | 14 |
| Nurse | 13 |
| Compliance Inspection And Support | 8 |
| Forestry Technician | 8 |
| Miscellaneous Administration And Program | 7 |
| High Voltage Electrician | 7 |
| General Inspection, Investigation, Enforcement, And Compliance Series | 6 |
| Electronics Engineering | 5 |
| Rangeland Management | 5 |
| Practical Nurse | 4 |
| Civil Engineering | 4 |
| Electrical Engineering | 4 |
| Information Technology Management | 4 |
| Attorney | 4 |
Median starting salary in postings that list a yearly range: $72,849 (192 postings).
1 of the 250 largest US cities are in Montana.
| City ⇅ | Population ⇅ | Median household income ⇅ | Median rent ⇅ | Unemployment (ACS) ⇅ | Bachelor's+ ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Billings | 119,434 | $73,712 | $1,138 | 3.5% | 36.9% |
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The median wage in Montana is $48,740 a year ($23.43 an hour) against $50,980 nationally (-4%). The 10th percentile earns $29,390 and the 90th $100,610.
| Occupation field ⇅ | Jobs ⇅ | Per 1,000 jobs ⇅ | Location quotient ⇅ | Median pay ⇅ | Entry (10th pct.) ⇅ | Top (90th pct.) ⇅ | Median vs US ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Office and Administrative Support | 59,680 | 116.6 | 1.02 | $45,870 | $34,490 | $64,490 | -3% |
| Food Preparation and Serving Related | 53,110 | 103.8 | 1.18 | $30,580 | $22,400 | $46,590 | -13% |
| Transportation and Material Moving | 39,220 | 76.7 | 0.87 | $45,780 | $30,880 | $72,790 | +3% |
| Sales and Related | 45,970 | 89.9 | 1.04 | $38,380 | $28,330 | $76,310 | -0% |
| Management | 32,220 | 63.0 | 0.88 | $101,400 | $54,990 | $194,960 | -20% |
| Business and Financial Operations | 29,880 | 58.4 | 0.86 | $74,110 | $47,480 | $122,480 | -10% |
| Healthcare Practitioners and Technical | 32,120 | 62.8 | 0.99 | $82,160 | $46,040 | $161,780 | -5% |
| Educational Instruction and Library | 28,710 | 56.1 | 0.96 | $48,490 | $29,120 | $84,640 | -20% |
| Production | 17,650 | 34.5 | 0.63 | $48,210 | $34,430 | $82,400 | +3% |
| Healthcare Support | 21,520 | 42.1 | 0.83 | $39,260 | $30,580 | $49,800 | +2% |
| Construction and Extraction | 31,890 | 62.3 | 1.51 | $60,960 | $42,610 | $86,690 | +2% |
| Installation, Maintenance, and Repair | 23,800 | 46.5 | 1.19 | $59,070 | $37,740 | $94,580 | -1% |
| Computer and Mathematical | 9,460 | 18.5 | 0.55 | $80,240 | $51,230 | $154,580 | -27% |
| Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance | 20,620 | 40.3 | 1.38 | $38,220 | $28,660 | $56,200 | +1% |
| Protective Service | 9,500 | 18.6 | 0.76 | $57,570 | $35,580 | $87,350 | +15% |
| Personal Care and Service | 14,150 | 27.6 | 1.32 | $34,460 | $22,470 | $58,240 | -5% |
| Community and Social Service | 10,670 | 20.9 | 1.22 | $50,220 | $35,210 | $79,260 | -14% |
| Architecture and Engineering | 8,190 | 16.0 | 0.95 | $81,330 | $52,190 | $131,340 | -18% |
| Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media | 7,960 | 15.6 | 1.18 | $51,260 | $29,100 | $91,560 | -18% |
| Life, Physical, and Social Science | 8,860 | 17.3 | 1.83 | $70,810 | $47,430 | $107,880 | -14% |
| Legal | 4,180 | 8.2 | 0.97 | $83,620 | $48,360 | $157,310 | -18% |
| Farming, Fishing, and Forestry | 2,210 | 4.3 | 1.55 | $43,740 | $30,510 | $64,990 | +19% |
Estimate for a wage earner: 2026 federal brackets and standard deduction (IRS), Social Security 6.2% up to $184,500, Medicare 1.45% (+0.9% above $200,000 single / $250,000 married), and a state rate you set; graduated states show 0 until you enter your own estimate. It ignores credits, pre-tax deductions, local taxes and benefits. Sources: IRS: tax year 2026 inflation adjustments · SSA wage base per Federal Register notice 2025-19763.
| Rule ⇅ | In Montana ⇅ |
|---|---|
| Minimum wage (per hour) | $10.85 (federal minimum is $7.25; the higher applies for most workers) |
| State income tax on wages | Graduated, top rate 5.65% |
| Right-to-work state | No |
| State paid family and medical leave program | No program listed in our source |
| Employment | At-will in most states (either side can end the job with notice, with legal exceptions) |
Nationwide rules (overtime after 40 hours, family leave, discrimination, visas) are on the country guide. Many cities and counties set higher minimum wages or paid sick leave; check the local government. Confirm all figures with the official sources before acting.
| Indicator ⇅ | Value ⇅ |
|---|---|
| Price level, all items (US = 100) | 94.6 |
| Median gross rent per month | $1,177 |
| Median home value | $425,400 |
| Homeowners (share of households) | 68.6% |
| Poverty rate | 10.2% |
| Drive alone to work | 71.6% |
| Public transit to work | 0.8% |
| Work from home | 11.7% |
| Commute of 45 minutes or more | 8.7% |
Regional price parities measure how much it costs to buy the same basket of goods and services: 100 is the national average.
2.1% of residents of Montana were born abroad (24,337 people).
| Country of birth ⇅ | Residents ⇅ |
|---|---|
| Canada | 3,996 |
| Mexico | 2,981 |
| Philippines | 2,333 |
| Germany | 1,901 |
| China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan | 1,136 |
| United Kingdom, excluding England and Scotland | 814 |
| Russia | 728 |
| Vietnam | 673 |
| Korea | 590 |
| England | 554 |
| Ukraine | 500 |
| South Africa | 461 |
| Netherlands | 398 |
| Japan | 394 |
| Brazil | 360 |
Work permits and visas are federal. See permits and first steps and, for your country, Working in the US from your country.
$10.85 (the federal minimum is $7.25; the higher rate applies for most workers). Source: US Department of Labor.
Graduated, top rate 5.65% (Tax Foundation, rates as of 01/01/2026).
3.1% in 2026M09 (BLS, seasonally adjusted).
$75,340 (Census Bureau ACS 2020–2024, 2024 dollars).
253 postings on USAJOBS today. Private-sector jobs are not included.